A cikin tsarin zane na dogon lokaci, mutane sun taƙaita dokoki da yawa.Idan ana iya bin waɗannan ƙa'idodin a ƙirar kewaye, zai zama da amfani ga daidaitaccen ɓarna naPrinted Circuit Board (PCB)sarrafa software da kuma aiki na yau da kullun na da'irar hardware.A taƙaice, ƙa'idodin da za a bi sune kamar haka:
(1) Dangane da tsarin abubuwan da aka haɗa, abubuwan da ke da alaƙa da juna yakamata a sanya su kusa sosai.Misali, janareta na agogo, oscillator crystal, ƙarshen shigar da agogo na CPU, da sauransu, suna da saurin haifar da hayaniya.Lokacin da aka sanya su, ya kamata a sanya su kusa.
(2) Yi ƙoƙarin shigar da capacitors na decoupling kusa da maɓalli masu mahimmanci kamar ROM, RAM da sauran chips.Ya kamata a lura da waɗannan abubuwan yayin sanya capacitors decoupling:
1) Ƙarshen shigar da wutar lantarki na allon da'ira da aka buga (PCB) an haɗa shi da ma'aunin wutar lantarki na kusan 100uF.Idan ƙarar ta ba da izini, ƙarfin da ya fi girma zai fi kyau.
2) A ka'ida, 0.1uF yumbu guntu capacitor ya kamata a sanya shi kusa da kowane guntu IC.Idan tazarar da'irar da'ira (PCB) ta yi ƙanƙanta da ba za a iya sanyawa ba, ana iya sanya 1-10uF tantalum capacitor a kusa da kowane guntu 10.
3) Don abubuwan da ke da raunin hana tsangwama da abubuwan ajiya irin su RAM da ROM tare da babban bambancin halin yanzu lokacin kashewa, ya kamata a haɗa capacitors na decoupling tsakanin layin wutar lantarki (VCC) da waya ta ƙasa (GND).
4) Gudun capacitor kada yayi tsayi da yawa.Musamman ma, babban mitar da aka buga da'ira (PCB) capacitors kewaye bai kamata ya ɗauki jagora ba.
(3) Ana sanya masu haɗawa gabaɗaya a gefen allon kewayawa don sauƙaƙe shigarwa da aikin wayoyi a baya.Idan babu wata hanya, ana iya sanya shi a tsakiyar allo, amma a yi ƙoƙarin guje wa yin hakan.
(4) A cikin tsari na kayan aikin hannu, dacewa da wayoyi ya kamata a yi la'akari da shi gwargwadon yiwuwa.Ga wuraren da ke da ƙarin wayoyi, ya kamata a ware isasshen sarari don kauce wa toshewar wayoyi.
(5) Ya kamata a tsara da'irar dijital da da'irar analog a yankuna daban-daban.Idan za ta yiwu, sarari na 2-3mm a tsakanin su ya kamata ya dace don kauce wa tsangwama.
(6) Don da'irar da ke ƙarƙashin matsi mai girma da ƙananan, ya kamata a ware sarari fiye da 4mm a tsakaninsu don tabbatar da isasshen amincin wutar lantarki.
(7) Tsarin abubuwan da aka gyara yakamata su kasance masu kyau da kyau sosai.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba 16-2020
